Which pair is commonly cited as lifestyle factors influencing nutrition and health outcomes?

• A. Physical activity level and sleep.
• B. Dietary supplements only.
• C. Geographic location and climate only.
• D. Hair color and eye color.

Answer: (A)

Lifestyle choices that shape nutrition and health include physical activity and sleep. Regular physical activity increases energy expenditure, helps with weight management, and improves how the body uses insulin and nutrients, which supports better metabolic health. Sleep duration and quality influence hunger and fullness signals and stress hormones; when sleep is lacking, people often experience increased appetite and cravings, poorer glucose control, and a higher risk of obesity and related diseases. Together, these daily behaviors are commonly highlighted as key factors that influence nutrition outcomes and overall health.

Other options don’t fit as lifestyle factors: dietary supplements are individual interventions rather than daily behaviors; geographic location and climate affect environment but aren’t direct lifestyle habits; hair color and eye color have no established link to nutrition or health outcomes.