Which statement correctly describes soluble and insoluble fiber?

• A. Soluble fiber adds bulk and aids bowel movement; insoluble fiber lowers cholesterol.
• B. Soluble fiber dissolves in water and adds bulk; insoluble fiber lowers cholesterol.
• C. Soluble fiber dissolves in water and can lower cholesterol; insoluble fiber adds bulk and aids bowel movement.
• D. Soluble fiber cannot be found in oats.

Answer: (C)

Understanding how soluble and insoluble fiber behave in water and influence health is being tested here. Soluble fiber dissolves in water, forms a gel, and can help lower cholesterol by binding bile acids in the gut. It can also slow the rate of glucose absorption, aiding blood sugar control. Insoluble fiber does not dissolve in water; it adds bulk to stool and speeds up intestinal transit, improving bowel regularity. The statement that soluble fiber dissolves in water and can lower cholesterol, while insoluble fiber adds bulk and aids bowel movement, accurately reflects these differences and their health effects. For example, oats are high in soluble fiber (beta-glucan), which supports cholesterol lowering. The idea that soluble fiber cannot be found in oats is incorrect.